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        <article-title>How much linguistics do we need in order to understand online opinions?</article-title>
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      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Carlos Rodríguez</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff0">
          <label>0</label>
          <institution>Research Center</institution>
          ,
          <addr-line>Barcelona-Media</addr-line>
          ,
          <country country="ES">Spain</country>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
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      <p>The vast amount of online opinionated text has driven the interest of an active
research community that exploits this user-generated content to gather market
information and create business intelligence applications. State-of-the-art
Natural Language Processing techniques can provide a level of text interpretation
that might be adequate for certain tasks, but there is room for improvement
over the current methods which are based on pre-existing knowledge, such as
prior polarity lexicons and domain ontologies. The crucial question is how much
resource-intensive linguistic processing is needed to understand what people are
talking about, and how do they feel about it. A principled combination of
symbolic and stochastic approaches that is guided by bootstrapping existing and
extensive Web 2.0 resources seems to be a good compromise when full text
interpretation is not available or practical.</p>
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