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https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-768/Preface.pdf
First International Workshop on
Automated Forensic Handwriting
Analysis (AFHA) 2011
17-18 September 2011, Beijing, China
ONLINE PROCEEDINGS
Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Automated Forensic Handwriting Analysis (AFHA) 2011
PREFACE
Handwriting is considered as a representative of human behavior and characteristics since
centuries. With the evolution of modern computing technologies, researchers have moved
towards the automated analysis of handwriting. The shift towards automated analysis of
handwriting has even fortified by the interest various industries have in this field. One of the
most important applications of automated handwriting analysis systems is in forensic
environments. Up till now, most of the forensic cases of handwriting analysis are solved
without actual application of automated systems. This is because there is an ever increasing
gap between the demands of Forensic Handwriting Experts (FHEs) and the computer science
community. Actually the underlying issue is the incapability of most of the state of the art
handwriting examination systems to be directly applicable to the forensic cases. This is
because the computer science community in general has moved by considering the cases
which are either trivial w.r.t. forensic situations or not considered the needs of FHEs. Thus
there is a great demand to bring the forensic experts and the computer science experts under
one roof. This purpose is fulfilled by the First International Workshop and Tutorial on
Automated Forensic Handwriting Analysis (AFHA) 2011.
The AFHA 2011 takes place on 17-18 September 2011, in Beijing, China. It is a novel
approach of bringing together researchers in the field of automated handwriting analysis and
signature verification and experts from the forensic handwriting examination community. It is
organized as a two-day combined workshop and tutorial.
On the first day, an introductory tutorial on forensic handwriting examination is given. This
includes a description of the forensics point of view and examples of real casework as well as
a summary of important approaches in the area of automated handwriting examination. The
major topics include: how forensic experts make comparisons (similarities versus differences,
subjectivity and bias), natural variation, line quality, quality versus quantity; what forensic
experts need from the document analysis community; what the document analysis community
needs to understand about FHEs work; existing systems and system problems; Quite some
attention will be paid to the Bayesian approach to forensic evidence evaluation (i.e. using the
Likelihood Ratios a measure of the strength of evidence), and reporting by means of a verbal
conclusion scale.
On the second day, the AFHA workshop is organized. This volume contains the proceedings
of AFHA workshop. Nine submissions were received and after a single-blind-peer review
process, eight papers were accepted for this volume.
In particular, the paper entitled ‘Non-English and Non-Latin Signature Verification Systems:
A Survey’ is the first one in this volume as it provides a detailed survey of the field.
The second paper entitled ‘The Effect of Training Data Selection and Sampling Time Intervals
on Signature Verification’ considers the influence of various methods of training data
selection and effect of data collection time intervals on the overall results of a signature
verification system.
The third paper entitled ‘Classification of Features into Strong and Weak Features for an
Intelligent Online Signature Verification System’ outlines an efficient algorithm for
classification of features for a signature verification system and provides improved results
than some counterparts.
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Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Automated Forensic Handwriting Analysis (AFHA) 2011
The fourth paper entitled ‘Forensic vs. Computing Writing Features as Seen by Rex, the
Intuitive Document Retriever’ describes the superficial matching between script features as
understood by forensic experts and computer scientists and advocates the development of
computational instruments tailored to fit the features traditionally used by FHEs.
The fifth paper entitled ‘Automated Off-Line Writer Verification Using Short Sentences and
Grid Features’ presents a feature extraction algorithm modeling the connected component
distribution along predetermined curvature and line paths of a handwritten image.
The sixth paper entitled ‘Evaluation of Local and Global Features for Offline Signature
Verification’ compares local and global features It shows that the system based on local
features outperforms the system based on global features particularly in situations involving
disguised signatures.
The seventh paper entitled ‘Static Signature Verification by Optical Flow Analysis’ estimates
local stability of signatures and performs signature verification using alternating decision trees
exclusively by optical flow analysis.
Finally, the eighth paper entitled ‘A Co-training based Framework for Writer Identification in
Offline Handwriting’ proposes a co-training approach that overcomes the requirements of
automated signature verification systems to have a large corpus of labeled dataset.
We would like to thank the authors for their paper submission, our program committee
members for their reviews and active participation in various activities concerning tutorial and
workshop, and the AFHA 2011 workshop chairs for their advice and guidance throughout the
entire endeavor. We would also like to thank our sponsors: Signature & Handwriting
Forensics Pty. Ltd., Netherlands Forensic Institute and German Research Center for
Artificial Intelligence.
The AFHA 2011 PC-chairs,
September 2011.
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Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Automated Forensic Handwriting Analysis (AFHA) 2011
Committees
Organizing Committee
Marcus Liwicki,
German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, Kaiserslautern, Germany
Michael Blumenstein,
Associate Professor, Griffith University, Southport QLD 4215, Australia
Elisa van den Heuvel,
Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands
Bryan Found,
Senior Research Fellow, La Trobe University Bundoora Campus, Victoria, Australia
Senior Forensic Officer, Victoria Police Forensic Services Department, Australia
Charles E.H. Berger,
Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands
Reinoud D. Stoel,
Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands
Program Committee
Xiaohong Chen, China
Mohamed Cheriet, U Québec
Miguel Ferrer, ULPGC
Julian Fierrez, U A Madrid
Katrin Franke, NIS Labs
Zeno Geradts, NFI
Muhammad T. Ibrahim, Ryerson U
Muhammad I. Malik, DFKI, Germany
Angelo Marcelli, U Salerno
Takashi Matsumoto, Waseda U
Loris Nanni, U Bologna
Javier Ortega-Garcia, U A Madrid
Giuseppe Pirlo, U Bari
Réjean Plamondon, E P Montreal
Sargur N. Srihari, U Buffalo
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Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Automated Forensic Handwriting Analysis (AFHA) 2011
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Non-English and Non-Latin Signature Verification Systems: A Sur-
vey ............................................................................................................... 1
Srikanta Pal, Michael Blumenstein, Umapada Pal
The Effect of Training Data Selection and Sampling Time Intervals on
Signature Verification ................................................................................. 6
János Csirik, Zoltán Gingl, Erika Griechisch
Classification of Features into Strong and Weak Features for an Intelligent
Online Signature Verification System ....................................................... 11
Saad Tariq, Saqib Sarwar, waqar Hussain
Forensic vs. Computing Writing Features as Seen by Rex, the Intuitive
Document Retriever .................................................................................. 16
Vlad Atanasiu
Automated Off-Line Writer Verification Using Short Sentences and Grid
Features ..................................................................................................... 21
Konstantinos Tselios, Elias Zois, Athanasios Nassiopoulos, Sotiris Karabetsos and
George Economou
Evaluation of Local and Global Features for Offline Signature
Verification ................................................................................................ 26
Vlad Atanasiu
Static Signature Verification by Optical Flow Analysis ........................... 31
Donato Impedovo, Giuseppe Pirlo
A Co-training based Framework for Writer Identification in Offline
Handwriting ............................................................................................... 36
Utkarsh Porwal, Venu Govindaraju
v