P–KAR 2012 PLACE-RELATED KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION RESEARCH Proceedings of the International Workshop Monastery Seeon, Germany August 31, 2012 Maria Vasardani, Stephan Winter, Kai-Florian Richter, Krzysztof Janowicz & William Mackaness (Eds.) Editors Maria Vasardani, Stephan Winter & Kai-Florian Richter Department of Infrastructure Engineering The University of Melbourne Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia Email: {mvasardani, winter, krichter}@unimelb.edu.au Krzysztof Janowicz 5806 Ellison Hall Geography Department University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA 93106-4060 USA Email: jano@geog. ucsb.edu William Mackaness School of GeoSciences The University of Edinburgh Geography Building, Drummond Street Edinburgh EH89XP UK Email: William.mackaness@ed.ac.uk Copyright © 2012 for the individual papers by the papers' authors. Copying permitted for private and academic purposes. This volume is published and copyrighted by its editors. P-­‐KAR  2012   ii   Preface This volume contains the proceedings of the International Workshop on Place- related Knowledge Acquisition Research (P-KAR 2012), held on August 31, 2012 in Monastery Seeon, Germany, in conjunction with the Spatial Cognition conference 2012. Place has become a hot topic in GIScience: place is important in human cognition and communication, and hence, is a high priority for human-­‐computer interaction. But place is also a challenging concept to model, reason with, and analyze in information systems, because of its fluency with context shifts, and its under- specification. Place-related Knowledge Acquisition Research is using the concept of geographic place with the goal of building smarter services and integrating heterogeneous data. Thus, this workshop is built around the following challenge: Achieve automatic estimation of the location of things or events based on verbal or graphical descriptions, or photographs, or a combination of them. Imagine, for example, a geo-spatial service the interface of which allows for user interaction using place-based queries, references, or descriptions. Such a service may be able to deal with verbal descriptions, such as ‘the bar at the top end of Federation Square’, or with pictorial descriptions, where users sketch the location of said bar. For true interaction, the service needs to be able to understand these kinds of descriptions for both interpreting input, and for producing output. It should be able to estimate the location of a feature (in the real world) based on these descriptions, and to produce relevant descriptions of locations of features in response to user input. The aim of the workshop was to bring together researchers from computational linguistics, data mining, artificial intelligence, geographic information science, and related disciplines, with a common interest in tackling this challenge. This volume contains their contributions in the form of peer-reviewed full papers or extended abstracts. The P-KAR 2012 International Workshop featured a keynote talk, two presentation sessions of the accepted papers and abstracts, and a break out session where groups formed to discuss issues that emerged from the paper presentations, before conclusion. We would like to thank the Program Committee for their time, effort, and quality work in reviewing the papers, as well as all the authors for submitting their work for consideration. We are also grateful to our keynote speaker—Ross Purves (University of Zurich, Switzerland)—for accepting our invitation to participate in the workshop and address the participants, and everyone else that contributed to the workshop’s success. August 2012 Maria Vasardani Stephan Winter Kai-Florian Richter Krzysztof Janowicz William Mackanes iii   P-­‐KAR  2012       Program Committee Tim Baldwin University of Melbourne, AU Lawrence Cavedon RMIT University, AU Matt Duckham University of Melbourne, AU Allison Kealy University of Melbourne, AU Peter Kiefer Institute of Cartography and Geoinformation, CH Antonio Krueger Saarland University, DE Oliver Lemon Heriot Watt University, UK Ross Purves University of Zurich, CH Simon Scheider University of Munster, DE Lesley Stirling University of Melbourne, AU Stephan Winter University of Melbourne, AU Steering Committee Stephan Winter University of Melbourne, AU William Mackaness University of Edinburgh, UK Krzysztof Janowicz University of California, USA Kai-Florian Richter University of Melbourne, AU Maria Vasardani University of Melbourne, AU P-­‐KAR  2012   iv   Table of Contents   Invited  Talk   Keynote talk (abstract) ...............................................................................................1 Ross  Purves     Extended  Abstracts   Identifying Touristic Places ....................................................................................2-3 Dominik  Kremer  and  Christoph  Schlieder   Reasoning about Large Places ................................................................................4-6 Bernd  Krieg-­Brückner  and  Hui  Shi   Contributed  Papers   Component-wise Annotation and Analysis of Informal Place Descriptions ........7-12 Igor  Tytyk  and  Timothy  Baldwin   Classification of Localization Utterances using a Spatial Ontology...................13-18 Mohammad  Fazleh  Elahi,  Hui  Shi  Hui,  John  A  Bateman,  Kathleen  M.  Eberhard  and   Matthias  Scheutz Representing Vague Places: Determining a Suitable Method ............................19-25 Mohammed  Imaduddin  Humayun  and  Angela  Schwering   Intuitive and Natural Interfaces for Geospatial Data Classification ...................26-32 Falko  Schmid,  Oliver  Kutz,  Lutz  Frommberger,  Till  Mossakowski,  Tomi  Kauppinen   and  Chunyuan  Cai Conversational Natural Language Interaction for Place-related Knowledge Acquisition ..........................................................................................................33-38 Srinivasan  Janarthanam,  Oliver  Lemon,  Xingkun  Liu,  Phil  Bartie,  William  Mackaness,   Tiphaine  Dalmas  and  Jana  Goetze   From Pattern Recognition to Place Identification ...............................................39-44 Sven  Eberhardt,  Tobias  Kluth,  Christoph  Zetzsche  and  Kerstin  Schill   v   P-­‐KAR  2012       P-­‐KAR  2012   vi