=Paper=
{{Paper
|id=Vol-1383/paper19
|storemode=property
|title=Building and Exploring Marine Oriented Knowledge Graph for ZhouShan Library
|pdfUrl=https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1383/paper19.pdf
|volume=Vol-1383
|dblpUrl=https://dblp.org/rec/conf/semweb/RuanWHDL14
}}
==Building and Exploring Marine Oriented Knowledge Graph for ZhouShan Library==
https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-1383/paper19.pdf
Building and Exploring Marine Oriented Knowledge
Graph for ZhouShan Library
Tong Ruan1,2 , Haofen Wang1,2 , Fanghuai Hu2 , Jun Ding2 , and Kai Lu3
1
East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
{ruantong,whfcarter}@ecust.edu.cn
2
Shanghai Hi-knowledge Information Technology Corporation
{hufh,dingjun}@hiekn.com
3
ZhouShan Library, Zhe Jiang Province, China
{zslukai}@126.com
Paradigm Shift of Library Industry in China As more and more readers are in
favor of accessing digital resources online, most libraries in China are in their way to
build or strengthen their digital libraries. Nowadays, there exist several major content
providers like WeiPu4 , WanFang5 , and ChaoXing6 who not only own a large number of
digital contents of journals, books, and magazines, but also run their integrated platforms
for search and navigation. Most libraries only act as a consumer or a distributor in the
digital content supply chain, which makes them suffer from serious homogenization,
lack of content control, and weak competitiveness. The above issues enforce libraries
to search for new opportunities.
On the other hand, in early 2013, China Ministry of Culture has issued guidelines
to build various resource repositories specified for different sectors. It advocated dif-
ferent regions to develop thematic repositories according to the economic and cultural
characteristics of the region. ZhouShan Library takes this chance and becomes a pio-
neer to make the transition. ZhouShan Islands are listed as the first “state-level new dis-
trict” around marine economy. With the support of local government, ZhouShan Library
starts a project named “Universal Knowledge Repository for Marine Digital Library”.
The intension is to help inhabitants and travelers know ZhouShan and marine economy,
and to support different bureaus of ZhouShan government, such as Fishery Agency or
Economic and Information Commission to do queries and statistics about local marine
economy. In this way, ZhouShan Library is changing from a content distributor to a con-
tent provider of the marine domain. This change also happens to other regional libraries,
which leads to a trend of paradigm shift in China’s library industry.
The Role of (Vertical) Knowledge Graph Regarding the ZhouShan Library project,
a marine repository should include fishes, fishing grounds, fish processing methods, re-
lated researchers and local enterprises. No single source can cover all aspects of data in
the repository. It is also impossible for users to manually integrate knowledge from var-
ious sources. In some cases, concepts or facts need to be extracted from semi-structured
data (e.g., lists or tables from Web pages) and unstructured data (e.g., documents). In
other cases, data from internal database or from LOD are to be extracted, transformed,
and loaded to the repository in a unified representation. Moreover, research institutes,
4
http://oldweb.cqvip.com/
5
http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/
6
http://www.chaoxing.com/
2 Haofen Wang et al.
Fig. 1. Overview of KG Platform for ZhouShan Library
government bureaus, and marine enthusiasts alliances are allowed to continuously add
new knowledge to make the repository up-to-date.
To fulfill the above requirements of repository construction, ZhouShan Library em-
braces semantic technologies to build a vertical marine oriented knowledge graph (see
Figure 1). Knowledge Graph (KG) was first introduced by Google to empower its search.
The big success of knowledge graph attracts many attentions from other internet com-
panies as well as traditional industries. The main advantages of semantic technologies
include: a) Incremental schema design and enrichment. It is difficult to know all con-
cepts during the initial design of KG. Its dynamic extensibility and “schemaless” char-
acteristic enable to add new schemata or revise existing ones later without rebuilding
the whole KG from scratch. b) Easy data integration. The semantic interoperability of
ontologies and the “linked data” principle makes it more efficient to integrate digital
contents from different content providers. c) Existing standards support. The library
can urge the content providers to obey the existing standards like URI, RDF(S), and
SPARQL. d) Expressive semantic search. Users can ask for entities satisfying semantic
constraints when searching on KG. It is more precise than keyword-based retrieval.
Deployment of KG in ZhouShan Library We build an integrated tool7 with three
key components namely knowledge integration module, knowledge store module, and
knowledge access module. As for knowledge integration, we will describe the technical
details of converting relational data from internal databases to RDF triples, facts extrac-
tion from user generated contents like Wikipedia, importing marine related ontologies
from the Web, and fusion at both schema- and data-level. Moreover, we will introduce
the strategies of schema inconsistency and data conflict detection, and the mechanisms
for users to extend and validate KG with collaborative editing tools. For the design of
knowledge store, we will discuss the choices to select a combination of databases (rela-
tional database, NoSQLs, and file systems) for fast access of KG. Regarding knowledge
access, we will present different ways including card view, wheel view, and detail view
to navigate and browse marine oriented KG. Besides, We will explain how to implement
semantic search which supports natural language querying. Finally, we will introduce a
list of available Restful APIs for developers to interact with the underlying KG.
7
You can access the online production test system via http://202.120.1.49:19155/SSE/.