Diverse fields of HMI were touched by these authors as well as by the four invited speakers.
A practical example may be represented by wearable Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs). By collecting human-users’ brain activations through wearable sensors, they provide specific feedback according to specific brain responses. However, managing wireless data and on-line applications presents a series of issues that are diferent from the ones arising from the use of their wired and of-line counterparts, e.g., the data transmission could be less safer, the data may be of lower quality, and the feedback needs to be almost instantaneous and extremely reliable, especially when related to health and humancentered applications.
These issues can be expanded and translated to other control and sensing devices, by also considering their interaction. Open challenges are in fact present when considering the integration of heterogeneous data, especially the ones coming from multimodal sensing and the ones depending on the environment a HMI user lives in.
A key aspect may be also represented by the emotional involvement of the users when dealing with HMI systems, thus giving space to the fields of emotional intelligence and afective computing. In fact, having machines that are able to adapt to the emotional states of their users may provide better communication between them. For example, being able to detect frustration could allow the re-modeling of a specific control system to the necessities of a single user. This observation highlights the tendency towards human centered computing and sensing to provide a better user experience. It is again necessary to provide a good data quality, organization and management, considering that these data come from multiple sources.
Therefore, the Artificial Intelligence for Human Machine Interaction (AIxHMI) 1 workshop is organized to provide interactions between multidisciplinary fields that pertain but that are not limited to HMI, BCI, control systems, wearable sensing and devices, emotional intelligence, afective computing, human centered sensing and computing, human factors and ergonomics, user experience, interface and sensor design, and ethics and security in AI, having that the AI is a transversal discipline that influences all these aspects.
Eight submissions have been sent by Dutch (2), Italian (8), Latvia (2), and Norwegian (2) authors to the AIxHMI workshop and five have been accepted in this volume.
Accepted papers mainly pertained to the fields of human-gaze related to tabular data summarisation, AI applied to electroencephalographic (EEG) signals for brain-computer interfacing, emotion and inner speech recognition, and facial expression transfer.
Amianto & Cremaschi [
Saibene et al. [
Upenieks & Urtans [
Another research related to human emotion is proposed by Kumar & Molinas [
Inner speech recognition through EEG signals is instead analysed by Gasparini et al. [
Papalia discussed the bias of artificial intelligence within the justice field, providing insights on this topic from a law-expert perspective.
Besides the oral presentation of the aforementioned papers and abstract, four invited speakers participated to the AIxHMI workshop.
Marta Molinas (Professor at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology) invited talk "Evolution of EEG systems from high density to wearables: opportunities for expansion", focused on the history of EEG technologies and discussed a methodology to evaluate the performance of systems considering a low number of electrodes. Assessing this information would especially provide a better validation of consumer grade technologies.
Slobodan Tanackovic (Sales manager at g.tec medical engineering GmbH) discussed "Current and future applications of brain-computer interfaces". In particular, he presented diferent applications of g.tec products from BCI speller to rehabilitation technologies.
Daniel Rodríguez-Martín (COO at Sense4care) gave us an insight on "STAT-ON: Monitoring mobility in Parkinson’s Disease. From research to market". He pointed out the very high number of people afected by Parkinson’s disease and presented STAT-ON, wearable solution for patients monitoring, providing the roadmap that has brought this product from a research environment to the market.
Evangelos Niforatos (Professor at the Delft University of Technology) invited talk "HeadMounted Displays and Physiological Sensing for Human-Machine Interaction" provided a clear explanation on the field of human-computer interaction and focused on diverse wearable technologies from smart glasses to digital intelligent assistants.
Acknowledgments The AIxHMI workshop co-chairs would like to thank all the Program Committee members for their reviewing and dissemination help: • Gloria Beraldo, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie della Cognizione - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (Italy). • Mirko Caglioni, University of Milano-Bicocca (Italy). • Cesar Caiafa, Argentinean Radioastronomy Institute (IAR) - CONICET, University of
Buenos Aires (Argentina). • Giulia Cisotto, University of Milano-Bicocca (Italy). • Simone Fontana, University of Milano-Bicocca (Italy). • Shkurta Gashi, ETH AI Center (Switzerland). • Francesca Gasparini, University of Milano-Bicocca (Italy). • Angela Locoro, University of Insubria (Italy). • Karmele Lopez de Ipiña, University of the Basque Country (Spain). • Pere Marti-Puig, Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya (Spain). • Marta Molinas, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (Norway). • Evangelos Niforatos, Delft University of Technology (The Netherlands). • Agnese Sbrollini, Università Politecnica delle Marche (Italy). • Marta Maria Sosa Navarro, University of Milano-Bicocca (Italy).
• Sun Zhe, RIKEN (Japan).