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        <article-title>Semantic Probabilistic Layers for Neuro-Symbolic Learning</article-title>
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      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Kareem Ahmed</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Stefano Teso</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff0">0</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Kai-Wei Chang</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Guy Van den Broeck</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <string-name>Antonio Vergari</string-name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff0">
          <label>0</label>
          <institution>CIMeC &amp; DISI, University of Trento</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution>CS Department</institution>
          ,
          <addr-line>UCLA</addr-line>
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        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution>School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh</institution>
        </aff>
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      <abstract>
        <p>In this extended abstract, we briefly outline Semantic Probabilistic Layers [1], a new layer that can be plugged into any neural network to guarantee its predictions are consistent with a set of predefined symbolic constraints while being amenable to end-to-end learning via maximum likelihood. SPLs can faithfully, and eficiently, model complex SOP tasks beyond the reach of alternative neuro-symbolic layers. We empirically demonstrate that SPLs outperform these competitors in terms of accuracy on an array of challenging structured-output prediction tasks.</p>
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      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>eol&gt;Neuro-symbolic Integration</kwd>
        <kwd>Hard Constraints</kwd>
        <kwd>Neural Layers</kwd>
        <kwd>Probabilistic Logics</kwd>
        <kwd>Trustworthy AI</kwd>
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